The Basics of Data Communication
Data communication is vital for our digital world. It connects us to the devices and services we depend on. It is comprised of a variety of techniques and media which dictate how information is transferred from one end to the other. Understanding how this works can help us design efficient and reliable networks that deliver the benefits of greater connectivity, such as improved business efficiency as well as higher productivity and technological advancements in automation.
Data communication is the transfer of data between computers via the medium or channel. This could be accomplished via a wire cable, radio frequency, satellite signal, or wirelessly. The sender is the individual or device sending data, and the receiver is the computer receiving the data. In a data communications network, more than two computers can be involved in the communication process.
Multiplexing and demultiplexing are useful communication technologies that permit multiple signals to be sent over one medium simultaneously, which results in optimizing the bandwidth used and reducing costs. Both of these processes require special hardware that can combine and then separate signals. Custom integrated circuits are frequently employed to accomplish this task and are available in a variety of communication devices including cellphones, computers, and printers.
The mode of data communication that allows for simultaneous two-way communication between a pair of devices is called full-duplex communication. This mode is more complicated than simplex transmission, since it requires the capability to send and receive data simultaneously.
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